Everything about Nosology totally explained
Nosology (from the
Greek νόσος,
nosos, "disease" +
λόγος "
logos") is a branch of
medicine that deals with
classification of
diseases.
Diseases may be classified by
etiology (cause),
pathogenesis (
mechanism by which the disease is caused), or by
symptom(s). Alternatively, diseases may be classified according to the
organ system involved, though this is often complicated since many diseases affect more than one organ.
A chief difficulty in nosology is that diseases often can't be defined and classified clearly, especially when etiology or pathogenesis are unknown. Thus diagnostic terms often only reflect a symptom or set of symptoms (
syndrome).
One of the earliest efforts at developing a classification of diseases began in the
10th century, when the
Arabian psychologist Najab ud-din Unhammad classified a nosology of nine major categories of
mental disorders, which included 30 different mental illnesses in total. Some of the categories he described included
obsessive-compulsive disorders,
delusional disorders,
degenerative diseases,
involutional melancholia, and states of abnormal excitement.
In the
18th century, the
taxonomist Carolus Linnaeus,
Francois Boissier de Sauvages, and psychiatrist
Phillipe Pinel developed an early classification of physical illnesses.
Thomas Sydenham's work in the late
17th century might also be considered a nosology. In the
19th century,
Emil Kraepelin and then
Jacques Bertillon developed their own nosologies. Bertillon's work, classifying causes of
death, was a precursor of the modern medical-billing code system,
ICD.
The early nosological efforts grouped
diseases by their
symptoms, whereas modern systems (for example
SNOMED) focus on grouping diseases by the
anatomy and
etiology involved.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Nosology'.
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